Which component of a neuron transmits signals away from the cell body?

• A. Axon
• B. Dendrite
• C. Cell body
• D. Myelin sheath

Answer: (A)

The key idea is how neurons send signals. Dendrites are the receiving arms; they collect incoming information from other neurons and bring it toward the cell body. The cell body (soma) integrates these inputs, deciding whether to initiate a signal. The axon is the conduit that carries those signals away from the cell body in the form of an action potential, traveling down to the axon terminals where neurotransmitters are released to communicate with the next cell. The myelin sheath serves to insulate the axon and speed up transmission, but it isn’t the structure that transmits signals itself. So, the component that transmits signals away from the cell body is the axon.