Which artery bifurcates to form the medial plantar artery and lateral plantar artery?

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The posterior tibial artery splits into the medial plantar and lateral plantar arteries as it enters the foot behind the medial malleolus. These two branches run along the plantar surface to supply the sole and form the plantar arterial network. The fibular (peroneal) artery mainly supplies the lateral leg and foot via perforating branches but does not bifurcate into plantar arteries. The anterior tibial artery continues on the dorsum as the dorsalis pedis and does not form plantar arteries. The popliteal artery gives rise to the tibial arteries, but the direct bifurcation into the plantar arteries comes from the posterior tibial artery.